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Ancient Pottery Vessel : Where Was It Found?
The pottery vessel was unearthed in al-Rabatha , an important archaeological site located approximately 200 kilometers east of Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah in the western region of the Hejaz Mountains , Saudi Arabia. Al-Rabatha lies along the historical Hajj route from Kufa to Makkah , and has been a rich source of Islamic-era artifacts.
Characteristics of Pottery Vessel
- Material: Light brown clay, relatively pure in composition.
- Shape : Circular, open-mouthed vessel with a plain rim that flows seamlessly from the body.
- Base : Flat and circular.
- Surface Finish : Both interior and exterior surfaces are smoothed.
- Decoration : Gray and green plant motifs on the exterior.
- Function : Used for storing and consuming liquids .
Dimensions
- Height : 7 cm
- Base Diameter : 8 cm
- Wall Thickness : 5 mm
Historical Overview
- Period : The vessel dates back to the Islamic period , specifically the 9th century CE .
- Cultural Significance : Al-Rabatha is known for its evidence of urban development and craft industries , including pottery, ceramics, glassware, metalwork, and jewelry .
- Discovery : Found through archaeological surveys and excavations conducted by the Saudi Antiquities and Museums Sector, alongside efforts by local and international scientific missions.
Exhibition and Preservation
- The vessel is currently housed in the National Museum in Riyadh , Saudi Arabia, under inventory number 349.
- It was one of 300 original artifacts selected for the “Saudi Archaeological Masterpieces Through the Ages” exhibition at the Louvre Museum in Paris (2010).
- Exhibition showcased items spanning prehistory , pre-Islamic eras , and the Islamic period , highlighting the depth and diversity of Saudi Arabia cultural heritage.
Artistic and Cultural Significance
- Manufacturing Technique: Produced using the fast wheel method , indicating advanced ceramic craftsmanship
- Decorative Style : Geometric patterns and abstract plant motifs , painted beneath a colorless transparent glaze
- Regional Connection : Style of pottery was prevalent in the Levant and Turkey during the 9th and 10th centuries , suggesting strong cultural and commercial ties between the Arabian Peninsula and other major centers of the Islamic world.
Conclusion
This small yet significant pottery vessel offers valuable insight into the daily life , artistic traditions , and trade networks of the Islamic world during the 9th century . Its discovery in al-Rabatha underscores the importance of the region as a hub of commerce and culture along the Hajj route , while its display at the Louvre Museum highlights the global significance of Saudi Arabia archaeological heritage.
